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The Second Book of Enoch (usually abbreviated 2 Enoch, and otherwise variously known as Slavonic Enoch or The Secrets of Enoch) is a pseudepigraphic (a text whose claimed authorship is unfounded) of the Old Testament. It is usually considered to be part of the Apocalyptic literature. Late 1st century CE is the dating often preferred. The text has been preserved in full only in Slavonic, but in 2009 it was announced that Coptic fragments of the book had been identified. Greek is indicated as the language behind the Slavonic version.〔F.I. Andersen ''2 (Slavonic Apocalypse of) Enoch, a new Translation and Introduction'' in ed. James Charlesworth ''The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha, Vol 1'' ISBN 0-385-09630-5 (1983), pag 94〕 It is not regarded as scripture by Jews or any Christian group. It was rediscovered and published at the end of 19th century. Most scholars consider 2 Enoch to be composed by an unknown Jewish sectarian group, while some authors think it is a 1st-century Christian text.〔Harry Alan Hahne, Harry Hahne, ''Corruption and Redemption of Creation: Nature in Romans 8.19-22 and Jewish Apocalyptic Literature'' ISBN 0-567-03055-5 (2006). p 83〕〔 A very few scholars consider it a later Christian work.〔Maunder (1918), Milik (1976)〕 This article discusses ''2 Enoch''. It is distinct from the ''Book of Enoch'', known as ''1 Enoch''. There is also an unrelated ''3 Enoch''. The numbering of these texts has been applied by scholars to distinguish the texts from one another. ==Manuscript Tradition== 2 Enoch has survived in more than twenty Slavonic manuscripts and fragments dated from 14th to 18th centuries CE. These Slavonic materials did not circulate independently but were included in collections that often rearranged, abbreviated, or expanded them. Typically, Jewish pseudepigraphical texts in Slavic milieux were transmitted as part of larger historiographical, moral, and liturgical codexes and compendiums where ideologically marginal and mainstream materials were mixed with each other. 2 Enoch exists in longer and shorter recensions. The first editors〔Popov, ''Kniga Enocha'', Mosckow 1880, (based on m. P)〕〔M. I. Sokolov, ''Slavjanskaja kniga Enocha'', Moskow 1899 and 1910〕〔Charles, Morfill ''The Book of the Secrets of Enoch, translated from Slavonic'', Oxford 1896 (based on m. P and N)〕 considered original the longer version, while since 1921 Schmidt〔N. Schmidt ''The two recension of Slavonic Enoch'', in ''Journal of the American Oriental Society'', 41(1921) pp 307ss〕 and many authors〔Paolo Sacchi, William J. Short ''Jewish Apocalyptic and Its History'', ISBN 1-85075-585-X, 1996〕 challenged this theory considering more ancient the shorter recension. Vaillant〔A. Vaillant ''Le livre des secrets d'Henoch, Texte slave et traduction francaise'', Paris 1952 (based on m. U)〕 in 1952 showed that the additional parts found only in the longer version use more recent Slavonic terms. Other scholars〔A. De Santos Otero ''Libro de los secretos de Henoc (Henoc eslavo)'' in ed. A. Diez Macho ''Apocrifos del Antiguo Testamento'' IV, Madrid 1984 (based on m. R)〕 suggest that both of them preserve original material and the existence of three or even four recensions. Two different ways to numbering verses and chapters are used for 2 Enoch: the more widely accepted is Popov's〔 one in 73 chapters, while De Santos Otero〔 proposed a division in 24 chapters. The best family of manuscripts〔MPr, TSS 253, TSS 489, TSS 682.〕 are copies of the compilation of rearranged materials from chs. 40–65 from a 14th-century judicial codex "The Just Balance" ("Merilo Pravednoe"). The main manuscripts of the longer version are R, J and P.〔R (0:1–73:9) dated 16th century; J (0:1–71:4) dated 16th century supposed to be a modification of R; P (0:1–68:7) dated 1679 supposed to be late copy of J〕 The main manuscripts of the shorter version are U, B, V, N.〔U (0:1–72:10) dated 15th century, the longer text of the short recension; B (0:1–72:10) dated 17th century; V (1:1–67:3) dated 17th century; N (0:1–67:3) dated 16th-17th century〕 See also references.〔Other manuscripts are A (0:1–72:10); B2 (1:1–67:3) dated 1701; L (0:1–33:8); P2 (28:1–32:2) dated 18th century; Tr (67:1; 70–72); Syn (71;72); Rum (71:1–73:1); G (65:1–4; 65:6–8); Chr (fragments from 11–58); Chr2 (11:1–15:3); K (71:1–72:10); I (70:22–72:9)〕〔A. Orlov, The Enoch-Metatron Tradition (Tuebingen: Mohr-Siebeck, 2005) 148.〕 Most scholars believe that the Slavonic version was translated from one or more Greek lost versions, since the text attests to some traditions that make sense only in the Greek language, for example a tradition found in 2 Enoch 30 that derives Adam’s name from the Greek designations of the four corners of the earth. The Semitisms, such as the words Ophanim, Raqia Arabot, and others found in various parts of the text, point to the possibility of the Semitic original behind the Greek version. In 2009, four fragments from chapters 36-42 in Coptic have been identified. They follow the short recension and are related to manuscript U. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Second Book of Enoch」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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